研究主題

O.54 AUTHENTICATION OF TAIWAN QUINOA (CHENOPODIUM FORMOSANUM, DJULIS) BY PHYTOCHEMICAL FINGERPRINT USING HIGH-RESOLUTION MASS SPECTROMETRY
 

研究摘要

Djulis (Chenopodium formosanum) is a traditional cereal as food source used by Taiwan aboriginal people. Djulis belong to Amaranthaceae family, similar to the quinoa (C. quinoa) and amaranth (Amaranthus hypochondriacus), Because of its high nutritional values, Djulis is gradually gaining popularity in recent years. However, the research in djulis is very limited. The aim of this foodomics study is to establish a phytochemical fingerprint analysis to discriminate those Amaranthaceae plants using UHPLC-DAD-ESI-Orbitrap. In the target component analysis, eight betalanins, 69 phenolic compounds and 69 triterpenoid saponins were identified according to the accuracy mass, fragments of MS2, isotope pattern and UV-VIS spectrum. Djulis is rich in betalains including amaranthin, isoamaranthin, betanin, isobetanin, celosianin II, isocelosianin II, lampranthin II, and isolampranthin II. For phenolic compounds, Djulis has more diversity of flavonoids compared to quinoa (major in quercetin and kaempferol). In triterpenoid saponins, 3-O-hexoside-oleanolic acid 28-O-β-D-hexoside and 3-O-hexoside-hexoside-oleanolic acid 28-O-β-D-hexoside are the characteristic OA type of saponins in Djulis. However, quinoa has more PA or HED type of saponins. In non-target component analysis, the results of principal component analysis showed that the first principal component could distinguish amaranth from the other two plants, and the second principal component could distinguish djulis and quinoa. Rutin is the main characteristic metabolite in Djulis; and quercetin pentose glucuronide and mauritianin are the main compounds in quinoa. Our study established a phytochemical compound profile for authentication of Djulis. The comprehensive analysis may useful on quality control to preventing adulteration.
 

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